
英語学習で英文法に力を入れている方も多いと思いますが、例えば「現在完了」や「三人称単数形」などの文法用語を英語ではなんて言うかご存じですか?というわけで、この記事ではさまざまな文法用語をご紹介します!
文法用語を英語で言うと?
文法用語 | 英語 | 例 |
---|---|---|
主語 | subject | I, you, she, Lisa, Mark |
目的語 | object | 例文: She eats cookies. |
補語 | complement | 例文: I call him Bob. |
形容詞 | adjective | cute, funny, sad |
副詞 | adverb | well, badly |
名詞 | noun | pen, apple, book |
名詞の単数形 | singular noun | apple, cup |
名詞の複数形 | plural noun | apples, cups |
可算名詞 | countable noun | egg, tomato, potato |
不可算名詞 | uncountable noun | water, cheese, sugar |
固有名詞 | proper noun | Tokyo, Mount Fuji |
代名詞 | pronoun | your, he, it |
人称代名詞 (主格) | personal pronoun (subjective) | I, you, she, he, they, It |
人称代名詞 (目的格) | personal pronoun (objective) | me, you, her, him, them, it |
所有代名詞 | possessive pronoun | my, your, her, his, their, its |
冠詞 | articles | the, an, a |
肯定文 | affirmative sentence | 例文: I like cats. |
否定文 | negative sentence | 例文: I don’t like cats. |
疑問文 | interrogative sentence/ question sentence | 例文: Do you like cats? |
命令文 | imperative sentence | 例文: Close the door. |
動詞 | verb | do, walk, write, eat |
動詞の原形 | verb root/ base form | do |
助動詞 | auxiliary verb | can, may, will, might, should, must |
他動詞 | transitive verb | 例文: I opened the door. |
自動詞 | intransitive verb | 例文: The door opened. |
現在時制 | present simple | 例文: I go to Kyoto. |
過去時制 | past simple | 例文: I went to Kyoto. |
未来時制 | future simple | 例文: I will go to Kyoto. |
現在進行形 | present continuous | 例文: I’m studying English. |
現在完了 | present perfect | 例文: I have been there. |
過去完了 | past perfect | 例文: I had lost my wallet. |
三人称単数形 | third person singular | 例文: She likes dogs. |
規則動詞 | regular verb | open-opened-opened |
不規則動詞 | irregular verb | eat-ate-eaten |
仮定法 | subjunctive mood | I wish it were real. |
受動態 | passive voice | 例文: English is spoken all over the world. |
能動態 | active voice | 例文: Many people speak English. |
句動詞 | phrasal verb | 例文: They called off this afternoon’s meeting. |
不定詞 | infinitive | to do |
動名詞 | gerund | doing |
現在分詞 | present participle | 例文: He went shopping. |
過去分詞 | past participle | 例文: I have had lunch. |
接続詞 | conjunction | and, but |
前置詞 | preposition | in, on, at, by |
関係代名詞 | relative pronoun | which, who, that |
序数 | cardinal number | first, second, third, fourth |
基数 | ordinal number | one, two, three, four |
文法について質問するときに使えるフレーズ
Should I use "a" or "the" in this sentence?
この文では、a と the どちらを使うべきですか?
Is the word "species" plural?
“species”は複数形ですか?
Can I say "I have species," or do I have to say "I have a species"?
“I have species”と言ってもいいですか?“I have a species”と言うべきですか?
What is the past tense of the word "eat"?
“eat”の過去形は何ですか?
What’s the difference between past perfect and past participle?
現在完了と過去分詞の違いは何ですか?
When do we use "has had"? Is it a past perfect tense?
“has had”はどんなときに使いますか?これは過去完了形ですか?
Why do you use a sentence that uses a subjunctive mood?
なぜ仮定法を使ったのですか?
What is an example of a sentence that uses a subjunctive mood?
仮定法を使った例文を教えてくれませんか?
- 作成:2020年12月10日、更新:2025年3月21日
【トーキングマラソン】話したいなら、話すトレーニング。
語学一筋55年 アルクのキクタン英会話をベースに開発
- スマホ相手に恥ずかしさゼロの英会話
- 制限時間は6秒!瞬間発話力が鍛えられる!
- 英会話教室の【20倍】の発話量で学べる!